Phase and TV Based Convex Sets for Blind Deconvolution of Microscopic Images

In this article, two closed and convex sets for blind deconvolution problem are proposed. Most blurring functions in microscopy are symmetric with respect to the origin. Therefore, they do not modify the phase of the Fourier transform (FT) of the original image. As a result blurred image and the original image have the same FT phase. Therefore, the set of images with a prescribed FT phase can be used as a constraint set in blind deconvolution problems. Another convex set that can be used during the image reconstruction process is the epigraph set of Total Variation (TV) function. This set does not need a prescribed upper bound on the total variation of the image. The upper bound is automatically adjusted according to the current image of the restoration process. Both of these two closed and convex sets can be used as a part of any blind deconvolution algorithm. Simulation examples are presented.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Selected Topics in Signal Processin

Archaeogenetic analysis of Neolithic sheep from Anatolia suggests a complex demographic history since domestication

Yurtman, ozer, Yuncu et al. provide an ancient DNA data set to demonstrate the impact of human activity on the demographic history of domestic sheep. The authors demonstrate that there may have been multiple domestication events with notable changes to the gene pool of European and Anatolian sheep since the Neolithic. Sheep were among the first domesticated animals, but their demographic history is little understood. Here we analyzed nuclear polymorphism and mitochondrial data (mtDNA) from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating from Epipaleolithic to late Neolithic, comparatively with modern-day breeds and central Asian Neolithic/Bronze Age sheep (OBI). Analyzing ancient nuclear data, we found that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds relative to Asian breeds, a conclusion supported by mtDNA haplogroup frequencies. In contrast, OBI showed higher genetic affinity to present-day Asian breeds. These results suggest that the east-west genetic structure observed in present-day breeds had already emerged by 6000 BCE, hinting at multiple sheep domestication episodes or early wild introgression in southwest Asia. Furthermore, we found that ANS are genetically distinct from all modern breeds. Our results suggest that European and Anatolian domestic sheep gene pools have been strongly remolded since the Neolithic

Fourier dönüşümünün fazı ve sınırlandırılmış enerji temelli imge ters evrişim yöntemleri

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Thesis (Ph.D.): Bilkent University, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2018.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-85).We developed deconvolution algorithms based on Fourier transform phase and bounded energy. Deconvolution is a major area of study in image processing applications. In general, restoration of original images from noisy filtered observation images is an ill-posed problem. We use Fourier transform phase as a constraint in developed image recovery methods. The Fourier phase information is robust to noise, which makes it suitable as a frequency domain constraint. One of our focus is microscopy images where the blur is caused by slight disturbances of the focus. Because of the symmetrical optical parameters, it may be assumed that the Point Spread Function (PSF) is symmetrical. This symmetry of PSF results in zero phase distortion in the Fourier transform coefficients of the original image. Since the convolution leads to multiplication in Fourier domain, we assume that the Fourier phase of some of the frequencies of observed image around the origin represents the Fourier phase of the original image in the same set of frequencies. Therefore the Fourier transform phases of the original image can be estimated from the phase of the observed image and this information can be used as a Fourier domain constraint. In order to complete the algorithm, we also use a Total Variation (TV) reduction based regularization in spatial domain. We embed the proposed Fourier phase relation and spatial domain regularization as additional constraints in well-known blind Ayers-Dainty deconvolution method. Another problem we focused on is the restoration of highly blurry Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) applications. In this study we developed a standalone iterative algorithm. The algorithm again relies on the symmetry property of the MPI PSF. The phase estimates of the true image are obtained from the observed image. In this case we employ an `1 projection based regularization algorithm. The `1 projection reduces the small coefficients to zero which is suitable for MPI application because the contrast between foreground and background is sufficiently large by nature. Finally, a more general restoration algorithm is developed for deconvolution of non-symmetrical filters. The algorithm uses the known Fourier phase properties of the PSF in order to estimate the Fourier transform phase of the original image. We also update the estimated Fourier transform magnitudes iteratively using the knowledge of observed image and the PSF. A TV reduction based regularization method completes the algorithm in spatial domain. Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the Wiener filter. We also conclude that the addition of estimate of Fourier transform phase is useful in any deconvolution method.by Onur Yorulmaz.Ph.D

IMAGE PROCESSING METHODS FOR FOOD INSPECTION

that I have read this thesis and that in my opinion it is fully adequate

The effect of vitamin D status on different neuromuscular blocker agents reverse time

Background/aim: This study is aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D levels on sugammadex and neostigmine reversal times. Material and methods: Eighty patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years, with ASA I-III status who were undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. A double blind fashion was used to randomly divide all the patients into two groups. At the end of the operation, sugammadex 2 mg/kg was administered to one group (Group sugammadex) and atropine and neostigmine was administered to the other group (Group neostigmine) intravenously. In the data analysis stage, the group was divided into two subgroups according to sugammadex and group neostigmine in itself, with vitamin D levels above and below 30 ng/mL. Statistical analysis was performed on these 4 groups (Group neostigmine and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL), (Group neostigmine and vitamin D ? 30 ng/mL), (Group sugammadex and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL), (Group sugammadex and vitamin D ? 30 ng/mL). When two responses to train of four (TOF) stimulation were taken, the following times were recorded until extubation phase. The time until TOF value 50%, 70%, 90%, and extubation were recorded. Results: There were statistically significant differences between Group sugammadex and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL and Group sugammadex and vitamin D ? 30 ng/mL (P = 0.007) for extubation times and 50% TOF reach times (P = 0.015). However, there was no difference observed between Group neostigmine and vitamin D < 30 ng/mL and Group neostigmine and vitamin D ? 30 ng/mL (P = 0.999). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is important for anesthesiologists in terms of muscle strength and extubation time. Vitamin D deficiency seems to affect sugammadex reverse times but seems not to affect neostigmine reverse times. This conclusion needs further studies

An unexpected challenging airway: Urticaria factitia caused difficult mask ventilation and tracheal intubation

Yorulmaz, Ilknur Suidiye/0000-0002-1441-6360WOS: 000480372100047PubMed: 30981179